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The term "tread" specifically refers to the horizontal part of a stair step where a person places their foot when ascending or descending the stairs. It is usually flat and designed to provide a stable surface for walking. In staircase terminology, the tread is a crucial component for ensuring safety and comfort, as a properly sized tread allows for better footing and helps prevent slips.

In contrast, the vertical part of the stair step is known as the "riser." The railing is separate from the tread and serves as a support structure that enhances safety by providing something to hold onto while using the stairs. Lastly, referring to the entire stair structure encompasses both treads and risers, along with other elements such as landings and railings, which does not define the term "tread."

Thus, understanding what a tread is helps in grasping the concepts of stair construction and safety guidelines that are important for carpentry and building design.